Presentation Meeting 2 Matschoss

Energy Efficiency Policies of the EURelaunch of the 2007-StrategyBSPC Green Growth and Energy Efficiency2 March 2012Patrick Matschoss2007: Climate & Energy Package• 20/20/20 targets for 2020 (Spring Council 2007)– 20% lower GHG emissions (wrt 1990)– 20% Renewable Energies– 20% less energy use (not binding; wrt baseline projection)• Based on Green Paper (2005) & Action Plan (2006)2007: Structure and Goals• Goal: doubling the rate of annual energy intensity improvements– Half of this by already existing measures– Half of this by new measures• New measures / Directives– Energy labels (2010 – recast of 1992)– Energy performance of buildings (2010 – recast of 2002)– Ecodesign (2009 – recast & extension of framework 2005)– Energy Service (2006)– Efficiency of cars (2009)• National energy efficiency action plans under Energy Service Directive– mid-2007– mid-2011 (including buildings)2010/11: Relaunch as part of Europe 2020• Estimated -9-10% savings instead of -20% (to 2020)• Europe 2020 (2010): (Re-)Commitment to EnergyEfficiency as central pillar– 20/20/20 package as headline target (out of 5 targets)– Flagship initiative ’Resource-efficient Europe’ (out of 7initiatives)• Energy 2020 (2010)– Energy efficiency as priority (out of 5)2010/11: Relaunch... Cont’d• Flagship initiative ’Resource-efficient Europe’ (2011)– Roadmap low carbon economy 2050 (8 March 2011)– Energy Efficiency Plan (8 March 2011)– Roadmap resource-efficient Europe (Sept 2011)– Proposal for energy efficiency directive (June 2011)– Energy Roadmap 2050 (Dec 2011)COM(2011) 370: COM’s Proposal• Merges & strengthens legislation of several previous directives• Cogeneration Directive– Repealed– Minimum standards instead– National heating and cooling plan, start 2014, then every 5 yrs• Energy Service Directive– Repealed, except indicative 9% target by 2016 and related annexes onmethods– Nat. EE obligation: now mandatory, 1.5% savings p.a.– Public procurement of high EE products: now mandatory• Buildings directive– Remains, complemented– Public buildings: double annual renovation rate to 3%, cost-effective levelsCOM(2011) 370:... Cont’d• Energy Labelling Directive– Public procurement part repealed• Transmission & distribution– ’pay due respect’ to energy efficiency– National plans by mid-2013: assess efficiency potentials ininfrastructure & concrete measures & investments (Article 12(2))– Priority/guarantee transmission of, access of & dispatch forcogeneration (Artile 12(5))– Cogeneration shall offer balancing services28 Feb 11: Compromise Proposal• General: more detailed, more precise language (binding, end-use, savings)• Binding Targets (Article 1, 3)– Ensure at least -20%– Binding national minimum targets & trajectory (Annex 0)– Proposal for 2030 targets in mid-2014 (Art. 3(2a))• Mandatory financing facilities; what & how (Article 2(a))• Monitoring– Annual MS reports end April, start 2013 (Article 19)– COM’s assessment mid-2013; additional measures, if nessecary(Article 3(1))– Additional 3-yrs MS report, start 2014, check trajectory28 Feb 11: Compromise... Cont’d• Mandatory energy saving scheme (Article 6)– Annual end-use savings of at least 1.5%; 3-yrs rolling average (Article6(1))– Ensure it is new & additional (Article 6(2a))– Significant share of deep building renvations (Article 6(3a))– Independent measurement and verification every 2nd year (Article6(4))• Buildings (Article 3a)– Aim to -80% enery use of building stock by 2050 (wrt to 2010)– Policies & measures stimulating deep renovations– National plans from 2014, interim targets– annual renovation rate of public buildings of 2.5%28 Feb 11: Compromise... Cont’d II• Energy Audits more detailed:– Training for auditors, actual implementation of recommendations (Article 7(1))– Base on EN 16001 / ISO 50001 (Article 7 (3))– minimum criteria: clear policy, objectives, current data, life-cycle approach(Annex V a)• Smart meters, billing & consumer info:– Higher requirements for meters and related consumer information (Article 8;Annex VI)– National strategy for energy efficiency promotion incl. single point of contact,range of polices (finance, info etc) (Article 8 a)• Heating and cooling– Roadmap, start 2015, Broader, national circumstances, integrate cost-benefit-analysis (Article 10(1-1a))– COM develops cost-benefit-analysis by 2013, based on guidelines (Article10(9); Annex VIII a)28 Feb 11: Compromise... Cont’d III• Transmission & distribution– More integrated approach: consider gas, renewable energies &distances, tariff structure (Article 12(1-2b, 3))– Align with European market (Article 12(2ba))– Infrastructure provider to improve efficiency (Article 12(4))– Include demand response in national plans (Article 12(7c))• Energy services: more details on info-requirements & barrier-removal (Article 14-15)• COM reports on– revision of effort sharing & better use of EU-funds etc for energyefficiency (by mid-2013, Article 19(5, 7a))– impacts on investment in technologies & on carbon leakage (by entryinto force)28 Feb 11: Calculation Method (Annex V)• Focus on End-use savings (Article 6(2)), Annex V)– Express end-use savings in terms of final energy,– then calculate primary energy consumption• Minimum requirements (Annex V b)– Sectoral bottom-up approach; distinguish existing, new &planned measures– Monitor annual savings based on data– Total saving effect needs to correlate with national target;if not, monitor & adjust individually28 Feb 11: Calculation... Cont’d• Calculation methods (Annex V(2))– ’Ex ante’ deemed savings (reference to previously monitored savings)– ’Ex post’ metered savings (actual reduction)– Scaled savings (for similar but different installations)– Surveyed savings (behavioural change only)• COM establishes harmonised bottom-up methodology by 2013(Article 9a; previously mutual recognition)• Strong focus on Additionality and Verifiability (Annex V(2))• Notify COM on scope, measures, duration etc of scheme(Annex V(2b))Excursus: Calculation methods• Top-down methods:– For specific applications only (electric applicances, vehicles, solarwater heaters & energy taxation)– Use existing statistical data– Often difficult to define the reference trend (baseline)• Bottom-up methods– For all other end-use sectors, end-uses & energy improvementmeasures, esp. buildings, industry & tertiary sector, also for Modalshifts, eco-driving– Needs specific monitoring and data collection– may provide additional info (cost-effectiveness, additional GHGreductions)Excursus:... Cont’d• >90% coverage with bottom-up case applications• Combination of Bottom-up-top-down methods possible whenusing consistent elements for calculation• Specific combination depends on national data availability• Recommendation: harmonised rules for definition offormulars, parameters, monitoring, calculation procedure &reporting• Reference: ’Evaluation and Monitoring for the EU Directive onEnd-Use Efficiency and Energy Services’ (EMEEES);www.evaluate-energy-savings.euThank You!Dr. Patrick MatschossResearcherFinnish Institute of International Affairs (FIIA)patrick.matschoss@fiia.fiwww.fiia.fi