Presentation Pursiainen WG CS 1st Meet 3.2.2010

Aim of the presentationDiscussing some conceptual issues related to ”civil security”Presenting the issues that the CBSS is working with within the civil security prioritylaw inforcementsocial dimensions of civil securitycivil protection and nuclear safetyCivil Security ”trends”Since the 1970s the concept of security has been ”enlarged” or ”enwidened” to non-military (civil) threatsThe issues at stake:What is a non-military/civil ”security” threat?Who is the object of the threat?Who should do what?The answers have varied greatly since the 1970sEach period is profoundly affected by some dramatic eventsCivil Security ”trends”1970s: trends and themesThe main ”background” event/trend:the 1973 oil crisisThird World poverty a major theme through the medianon-military security threats (energy supply, global poverty) becoming a security themeacademic/UN discourses on the ”non-stateness” of securitythe objects of the threat are not only states but the ”international society”, moving the focus from ”national security” to ”global security”Civil Security ”trends”1980s: trends and themesmajor ”background” events:Three Mile Island (Harrisburg) NPP accident 1979 and, finally, Chernobyl 1986Several major oil spillsenvironmental pollution, nuclear safety, becoming permanent security issuesat the end of the decade, the ”human security” discoursenot the state but a society or an individual is the object of protectionCivil Security ”trends”1990s: trends and themesmajor ”background” events:the end of the Cold War 1989-1991, the collapse of the Soviet Union 1991the ”human security” discourse reaching its apexdefining the goal of security as ”a good life”the state is not the only provider of security, the role of non-state actors as security providers, empowering the peopleCivil Security ”trends”1990s: trends and themes (cont.)towards the end of decade: the ”new security” threats, soft security vs. hard security discoursesenvironment, nuclear safety, communicable diseases, illegal migration, cross-border crime, corruption main themesthe discourse that international/transnational cooperation needed for ”cross-border threats”the ”securitisation” discourse as a counter/analytical reaction to the ”enlargement” of securityCivil Security ”trends”2000s: trends and themesmajor ”background” events/trends:9/11 2001, Madrid 2004 and London 2005 terrorist attacksTsunami 2004Hurricane Katrina 2005IPCC reports: AR3 (2001) and AR4 (2007)pandemics (bird flue etc.)terrorism, climate change, large-scale natural disasters, pandemics as major global threats, with ”terrorism as a priority” focusCivil Security ”trends”2000s: trends and themes (cont.)pollution, illegal migration, organised crime as major regional or cross-border threatsthe borderline between ”safety” and ”security” becoming overlapping or more obscure, ”crisis management” becoming a central theme for ”safecurity”protecting ”vital societal functions” and ”critical infrastructures”Civil Security ”trends”2010: trends and themes?Major ”background” events/trends?The first ”background” event: Haiti 2010Radiological terrorism?Man-made, technological, natural disasters?Pandemics?IPCC AR5, climate change –related crisesFrom ”terrorism as a priority” to ”all-hazard” approach?From ”protection” to ”resilience”?From international civil security cooperation towards civil security (EU/regional) integration?Five CBSS priority areasEnvironmentEconomic DevelopmentEnergyEducation and CultureCivil Security & Human DimensionThe work takes place in expert structuresDuplication with other existing bodies is avoided, or if working in the same field, synergy is createdCBSS Civil SecurityCBSS Expert Groups + more independent expert structures within the ”CBSS family”Law enforcement networks”Social dimension” networks of civil securityCivil protection and Nuclear Safety networksCBSS Civil SecurityLaw enforcement:Baltic Sea Region Border Control CooperationBorder guards, increasingly the customs and police, Frontex and DG Mare the closest EU partnersRegular ’summits’, meetings, training, joint concrete operationsMain issues: illegal immigration, druck smuggling, trafficking in stolen goods, trafficking in human beings, identifying forged documents etc.Baltic Sea States’ Prosecutors General NetworkState Prosecutors’ annual meeting, Eurojust from the EUWorking group on environmental crimesMain issues: joint investigation teams, cross-border cooperation in legal affairs (information change, manuals etc.CBSS Civil SecurityLaw enforcement (cont.):Baltic Sea Task Force on Organised CrimeOperatic Committee meetings and BSTF-OC Annual MeetingSome projects but concrete operational cooperation is fading out as Europol-Russia cooperation developsCBSS Senior Official Group on Tax (Crime) CooperationMeetings 1-3 per yearCross-border tax fraud and tax avoidance (e.g. related to labour hiring, trade etc.)CBSS Expert Group on Customs and Border Crossing AspectsSome civil security aspects (goods instead of people) but mainly economic cooperation in order to enhance border crossingCBSS Civil Security”Social dimension” of civil securityCBSS Expert Group on Children at Riskmain issues: child trafficking, child sexual abuse and exploitation, children as perpetrators etc.education, training, surveysCBSS Task Force against Trafficking in Human Beingstrafficking in adultsLarge (often UN supported) projects on education of consular staff, law enforcement authorities, support networks,CBSS Civil SecurityCivil protection and Nuclear SafetyBaltic Sea States’ Civil Protection NetworkAnnual (Rescue) Directors General and senior expert meetings, some project cooperationMain issues: public safety, floods, storms, critical infrastructures, accidents, prevention etc.CBSS Expert Group on Nuclear and Radiation SafetyRegular meeting, exchange of monitoring data (every 10 minutes), harmonisation, training, laboratory cooperation,Competent euthorities from the CBSS and Observer States, DG TREN from the EUMain issues: all nuclear and radiation safety issues, including NPPs, environmental radiation and radiological terrorismThank you for your attention!For more information, please contact:christer.pursiainen@cbss.orgor consult:www.cbss.orgDefault Design